• EDT, FLT and DLT are situated in the Parkfield region of central California

  Background to the Parkfield Experiment

  The earthquake monitoring experiment at Parkfield began in earnest in 1985 after a forecast with a 95% confidence that a M6 earthquake would occur near Parkfield before 1993 near the site of the 1966 M6 earthquake.The primary goals for deploying instruments around Parkfield were to record geophysical signals that accompany the earthquake process, to measure ground motion in the near-field of the forecasted earthquake, and to issue a warning 3-days prior to the anticipated M6 event if seismicity and/or fault creep reach pre-defined threshold levels(Parkfield Working Group, 1987 and Michael and Jones, 1998).

Eades - EDT

 

Gauge angles

• 1. 5.75 E of N

• 2. 125.75 E of N

• 3. 65.75 E of N

Raw, exponential models, and residual plots for each measured channel are shown for   gauge 1,  gauge 2, and for  gauge 3.

Note that the gauge residuals have a Y axis scale range of +/- 4 microstrain for each component, and show that excluding known tectonic events, all variation in gauge strain rates have been less than +/- 0.1 microstrain per year for the whole of the 16 year record,(1986 - 2002).

The residual linear borehole recovery strain rate over the total record is shown in microstrain/year as the "slope" on each plot.

Residual data are recovered from the raw data by extracting least squares fitted exponential(s) and a linear function which describe the processes of curing of the grout and recovery of the borehole, after drilling and installation disturbance of the virgin stress field.

Regions used in the least squares fitting are marked in red on the X axis, and the fit parameters are printed in the upper panelof the figure and are also tabulated elsewhere.

In August 2003, the borehole recovery exponentials were updated from values determined in the early 1990's to incorporate the additional 10 years of data length now available. Changes of strain rates calculated from these residuals are unaffected by the exponential removal procedure and allow the very long term stability(see gauge 1 , gauge 2, and gauge 3) of the instruments to be quantified.

.

HISTORY

Raw gauge data for this site shows uphole electronics affected by diurnal temperature variations.Temperature correction is applied to linearised gauge data before producing strain data for the final archive.

This station was taken off-line on April 24 2002, due to failure of the downhole electronics. This resulted from leakage, eventually after 16 years, from damage to the downhole cable during installation.

 

Frohlich - FLT

 

Gauge angles

• 1. 39.75 E of N

• 2. 159.75 E of N

• 3. 99.75 E of N

Raw, exponential models, and residual plots for each measured channel are shown for   gauge 1,  gauge 2, and for  gauge 3.

Note that the gauge residuals have a Y axis scale range of +/- 4 microstrain for each component, and show that excluding known tectonic events, all variation in gauge strain rates have been less than +/- 0.1 microstrain per year for the whole of the 17 year record,(1986 - )..

The residual linear borehole recovery strain rate over the total record is shown in microstrain/year as the "slope" on each plot.

Residual data are recovered from the raw data by extracting least squares fitted exponential(s) and a linear function which describe the processes of curing of the grout and recovery of the borehole, after drilling and installation disturbance of the virgin stress field.

Regions used in the least squares fitting are marked in red on the X axis, and the fit parameters are printed in the upper panelof the figure and are also tabulated elsewhere.

In August 2003, the borehole recovery exponentials were updated from values determined in the early 1990's to incorporate the additional 10 years of data length now available. Changes of strain rates calculated from these residuals are unaffected by the exponential removal procedure and allow the very long term stability(see gauge 1 , gauge 2, and gauge 3) of the instruments to be quantified.

.

HISTORY

Raw gauge data for this site shows uphole electronics affected by diurnal temperature variations.Temperature correction is applied to linearised gauge data before producing strain data for the final archive.

Since May 2003, a non-tectonic temperature related artifact is being produced in the data stream from Channel 2, necessitating sporadic deletion of data initially, up to daily deletions in 2004. Attempts to rectify this will be made on 2004 field trip.

 

DonaLee - DLT

 

Gauge angles

• 1. 71.4 E of N

• 2. 11.4 E of N

• 3. 131.4 E of N

Raw, exponential models, and residual plots for each measured channel are shown for   gauge 1,  gauge 2, and for  gauge 3.

Note that the gauge residuals have a Y axis scale range of +/- 4 microstrain for each component, and show that excluding known tectonic events, all variation in gauge strain rates have been less than +/- 0.5 microstrain per year for the whole of the 17 year record,(1986 - )..The variation in the DLT site is annual and directly related to the presence of an acquifer which traverses the borehole, and is seen on the other borehole instrument at this site.

The residual linear borehole recovery strain rate over the total record is shown in microstrain/year as the "slope" on each plot.

Residual data are recovered from the raw data by extracting least squares fitted exponential(s) and a linear function which describe the processes of curing of the grout and recovery of the borehole, after drilling and installation disturbance of the virgin stress field.

Regions used in the least squares fitting are marked in red on the X axis, and the fit parameters are printed in the upper panel.of the figure and are also tabulated elsewhere.

In August 2003, the borehole recovery exponentials were updated from values determined in the early 1990's to incorporate the additional 10 years of data length now available. Changes of strain rates calculated from these residuals are unaffected by the exponential removal procedure and allow the very long term stability(see gauge 1 , gauge 2, and gauge 3) of the instruments to be quantified.

Data plots of interest:

• October 17, 1989 Mag 7.1 Loma Prieta :  event detail plot for DLT; event detail plot for FLT; and event detail plot for EDT
• December 1994(/B>Parkfield M4.9 of December 20 ,1994 : short record detail for DLT : short record detail for EDT : short record detail for FLT
• Parkfield Regional Anomaly 1993-1997: multi- instrument event detail See papers.
• September, 2000 Strain Creep event across the Parkfield array : tensor strain, dilatometer volumetric strain,creep detail
• Selection of Characteristic Strain/Creep events at FLT: detail of several events over the years
• Preliminary processing of San Simeon M6.5 as seen at our GTSM sites at DonnaLee, and Frohlich in Parkfield, and for San Juan Bautista.

  Coseismic steps are approximately:-

  DLT

  eadl 74ne,
  gam1dl 15.5ne,
  gam2dl 220ne

  FLT

  eafl 700ne
  gam1fl -130ne
  gam2fl 890ne
  The event was also observed at San Juan Bautista:

  SJT

  gam1sj -11ne gam2sj -26ne

   

  • Parkfield Earthquake of September 28, 2004 as seen at DLT and FLT in longer term, and depressured,detided, detrended detail seen , and postseismic recovery seen to date May 2005

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    These instruments provide strain data on
    1. Long term strain accumulation. Data records from the from the three Parkfield sites EDT, FLT and DLT from 1987.
    2. Medium term strain changes associated with earthquake activity and other fault processes.

       Changes in early September 1998 :long plots: EDT, FLT and DLT and short plots: EDT, FLT and DLT

    3. Coseismic strain offsets useful for constraining earthquake source mechanisms,eg see San Simeon 2003, above.

     

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    Some other related sites :

     

    • Tensor strain in California
    • Tensor strain in San Francisco Bay
    • Tensor Strain at San Juan Bautista
    • Tensor Strain in Southern California
    • Fault/Volcano monitoring in California for real-time, but UNCHECKED , tensor strain data